It is disquieting when an individual policeman, through carelessness or ignorance or in response to the pressure of events, seizes a person or conducts a search without compliance with the standards prescribed by law. It is even more disturbing when law enforcement officers engage in unconstitutional conduct not because of their individual error but pursuant to a calculated institutional policy and directive.
Mr. Justice FORTAS, concurring in part and dissenting in part.
Alderman v. U.S. 394 U.S. 165, 202-203, 89 S.Ct. 961, 982 (U.S.Colo. 1969)